PAYING IT FORWARD

TIMES NEWS NETWORK

meghna.mukherjee@timesgroup.com

A recent study of behavioral psychology concluded that greed mostly overrides generosity.But in a fast-paced,material world,the need to believe in the spirit of giving,multiplies. Meghna Mukherjee re-evaluates what it means to be generous

A recent experiment conducted in the US showed that greed is a far more powerful emotion than generosity in today's world.Moral psychologist Kurt Gray,who led the study along with researchers at the Harvard University,observed through various experiments that people who were victims of greed had a strong tendency to repay a future recipient with the same greed.But when the same people benefited from an act of generosity,they didn't have the urge to pay it forward.

In an evers o - cy n i c a l world,its a wo r r i s o m e revelation.At a time when compassion and empathy are on a steadfast decline,and the disparity between the haves and the havenots is too in-your-face to ignore;the need to see generosity as a positive emotion,multiplies.Why and how did generosity lose its appeal over the years

Gray explains: Greed is more powerful than true generosity because negative emotions are more powerful than positive ones.We live in bodies and minds designed to be more influenced by negatives.Evolution designed us so that we took notice of negative things in our environment and sought to change them. Popular culture has made bad,wicked,nasty terms cool whereas goodness is frowned upon.Its a loser trait.Dr Sarala Bijapurkar,associate professor of sociology,KJ Somaiya College,Mumbai,says,In our material world,generosity is an alien word.Most people think generosity and money are always linked.Thats why so much cynicism has set in.

Digital descent

Our digital lives have played a big part in reducing the empathy and compassion we once had as individuals.Edna Rienzi,a generosity volunteer based in the US,says,Generosity focuses on the connection between individuals.Although we can connect with hundreds of people through social media,the opportunities to connect with one another face to face seem harder to find.

She cites an example: Earlier,at

my childrens school,parents would speak to one another while waiting for the kids to come out.We would offer kind words and support to each other,and these moments brightened my day.Now,almost everyone stays in their cars,hunched over their phones rather than with the people they see on a daily basis.

Pratyush Rajvanshi,a generosity volunteer in Delhi,says,In the ancient times,based on available texts,people understood that being generous was a vital factor in a human beings personal growth.They consciously practised these values,and they were a part of their inherent nature.These practices were passed on to us,and and we continued to live them;but,perhaps,we overlooked the wisdom behind the act.Henceforward most acts of generosity got diluted and a lot of cynicism set in.But now,we have started feeling empty inside.So we are again reviving the past wisdom and practices,especially generosity.

Generosity does not require grand gestures.Gray advises everyone to acknowledge even the little things others do to make a positive impact on their lives.The more grateful we are of others helping us,the more likely we are to pay it forward, he says.

Rienzi adds,Often,generosity is just a matter of being considerate.You can hold the door open for the person behind you.You can leave a large tip for a waitress who is working hard.When someone is speaking,you can give them your full attention.All these are generous acts that do not require time or energy.And,once you start taking these small steps,you will probably be tempted to make time for larger acts.

Social responsibility

That is not to say the people with means shouldnt pay it forward with money.The world over,some of the richest people are also the biggest philanthropists.Some of them have pledged half of their billion-dollar fortunes for the development of the other half.For instance,tech tycoon Azim Premji ranked Indias third richest person with a fortune of over $13 billion announced two months ago that he was donating $2.2 billion to his education-focussed trust Giving Pledge.

Even the corporate sector in India has made positive steps to build a future that entails empathy as one of the driving forces for a better future.The Revised Companies Bill,passed by the Lok Sabha recently,will make India the first country in the world to make corporate social responsibility (CSR) expenditure mandatory all successful companies will soon have to set aside and use 2 per cent of their profits towards the upliftment of society ecological and social.

The need of the hour,however,is for people to believe and engage in acts of generosity without it being a mandate.Since most things,like charity,begin at home,its still an adults responsibility to inculcate values like compassion and the spirit of giving early in a childs life.

American writer and philanthropist Gray Keller believes we live in an age where generosity should be a part of school curriculums.Since most of us are selfish by nature,we must be taught to give and share from an early age;like children learn to share their toys.

Times Life, Sunday May 5, 2013